ترتیب حروف ابجدية قلم المسند .. كتاب مصوّر الخط العربي .. ناجي زين الدين

Arranging the letters of the alphabet Qalam Al-Musnad... An illustrated book of Arabic calligraphy... Naji Zein Al-Din

Musnad script and its alphabet:
The scholars of South Arabia included: Classer, Naker, Hummel; The rhombic script is older than the Sabaean script and dates back to more than a thousand years before Christ. The Qatabanid, Hadhramautian, Sabaean, Himyarite, Usanian, Dhu Raydan and Yemen were Arab governments that took over in the south of the Arabian Peninsula, and their people were authentically Arab, and their script was Musnad. Writings were found on the Greek island of Delos, and in Giza in Egypt, all in this Arabic script.

The Musnad pen is the oldest pen known in the Arabian Peninsula, and calling it the Himyarite script alone is wrong, because the Himyarites were the last to write with it, as the Sabaeans, Ma’inites, Qatabanids, and other Arab peoples in remote areas preceded them in using it, as was shown in the recent discoveries of an oil company, in addition to the writings that filled museums. Armco, which was found by prospectors throughout the Arabian Peninsula.

Scientists explain that the separation of every two lines in a straight line is the result of the writer’s lack of precision with the lines of writing, as it was not seen in the discovered antiquities at all. However, the separation of one word in one line from the other in a straight, vertical line is present in the inscriptions. It may be permissible to separate each line on the stone for other reasons, which are either to end a topic and begin another topic, or to preserve the straightness of the line. The stressed letter may be written twice, as in European languages, such as Tikram, which is written “takr rum.” The writing is read from right to left, like Arabic, and sometimes it is read from left to right, in the manner of Latin writing. Sometimes the two methods are mixed, so it is written from right to left. The line is written from left to right and so on, in the form of a zigzag spiral.

The orientalists classified what was found of these writings in the aforementioned Musnad script and its branches in the upper Hijaz, “Median al-Hijr,” and in Iraq, the Levant Desert, Kuwait, and Al-Ahsa. These branches are: “Al-Lahyani, Thamudi, and Safavid.” Aside from the later Nabataean script that was found in the upper parts of the peninsula, “Basri and Al-Laja.”
These branches are similar to their original predicate, which is
The oldest era from the Nabataean pen.
See: Dzbarsky's discussion of Arabic calligraphy, its origins and its problem, for a comparison between Musnad, Nabati, and these branches.

It is clear that the presence of these writings in areas bordering Iraq supports the statements of the Arabs regarding their “Jazm” script, which was said to be fragmented from the Musnad pen (by modifying the outlines of its individual letters) or straightened, connected, and separated, as stated in the Mothers of Arabic Books, “Ibn Khaldun’s Introduction,” “Al-Fihrist.” “Al-Baladhuri” “Subh al-A’sha” which unanimously agreed that “0 0 0 Marmar placed the pictures, but as for Islam, he separated and reached the end,” and this is because the similarity is present in 14 letters of the Musnad letters and the Kufic letters, whether a settlement or modification was made in the placement of similar similar pictures. Between them, and Al-Fayrouzabadi says in the Al-Qamoos Al-Muhit in the chapter “Jazm”: Jazm in calligraphy is the straightening of letters. What we have mentioned here is not an argument that forces us to make the Jazm script a direct derivative, as it descends from the branches of the Musnad that have a connection to its origin in the similarity. Al-Alusi said in “Bulugh Al-Arb”: The Arab script was called Jazm because the Kufic script was first called “Jazm” before the existence of Kufa. Because it is a juzm, i.e., it was cut off and was born from the Himyarite Musnad, and Maramir is the one who cut it (and perhaps he put a copy of it), and the Kufic script is of old origin, and was put by our master Ismail, as mentioned by Ibn Wahshiyya al-Nabati in his book “The Longing of the Despicable to Know the Symbols of the Pens,” which is preserved in the library of the Britney Museum in London, No. 17. H.440. Ibn al-Nadim reported: They said: The one who wrote this Jazm Arabic is a man from Banu Mukhlid ibn al-Nadhar ibn Kinanah, so I wrote at that time the Arabs •

What supports these statements in the Jazm is that the number of its complete letters matches what was stated in the prophetic hadith narrated on the authority of Abu Dhar al-Ghafari, the Prophet’s saying: O Abu Dharr, by the One who sent me with the truth as a prophet: God Almighty did not reveal to Adam except twenty-nine letters (*).

If the original meaning of the formula: “jazm” is cutting and separating, then we realize very well how the meaning of “jazm” is generated, and the word “jazm” indicates a pen at the level of a cat; We know that Kufic writing is also written with a flat pen, so we assume that in this case: The closest analogy is to consider the word “Jazm” as derived from the name of the pen used to draw it, as is the case in drawing the Ta’liq pen, the Diwani pen, the vanished Saqat pen, and the sixteen ancient pens, and this is the most correct interpretation.

Whoever denies the original name “Jazm” and its chain from which it descended more than 15-20 centuries ago is wrong, and what the Orientalists and those who were close to them adopted in their theories based on intuition, guesswork and misinterpretation is wrong, has arisen from their lack of depth in understanding the geometry of science. Arabic calligraphy through the ages. And its rules, whose evolutionary balances are not easy to simplify first, and to create a doctrinal vacuum and scientific skepticism in our Arab mentality in terms of gender, nationalism, thinking, language, and history; What you should pay attention to.

These are the ancient letters of a pen that has ceased to exist from the calligraphy of the Arabian Peninsula, which we need to get to know. The Western pioneers presented it to us from our Arab heritage, and it is an effort that people are too tired to undertake.