تأليف صورك .. أساسيات التركيب، تقوية مركز الاهتمام .. التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث

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  • تأليف صورك .. أساسيات التركيب، تقوية مركز الاهتمام .. التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث

    التصوير الفوتوغرافي الحديث
    تأليف صورك
    أساسيات التركيب ..
    تقوية مركز الاهتمام

    STRENGTHENING THE CENTER OF INTEREST

    Because the center of interest is really the key to the picture , everything you can do to strengthen the center of interest will also strengthen the picture . What makes composition so fascinating a study is the almost limitless number of techniques you can use to give strength , emphasis and impact to the center of interest . Here your ingenuity and imagination can be given full play .

    No two pictures are alike , and for that very reason , no two pictures call for exactly the same treatment for the all important matter of emphasizing the center of interest . We can , however , give you a few general guides which you may follow and which you may modify to fit the particular needs and qualifications of any picture you make . As your skill in the handling of composition increases , you can extend these guides or think up new ideas of your own . Each successful photographer approaches this problem in his own unique manner and , in time , builds up an approach or a point of view which becomes distinctly his own . It is for this reason , as much as for any other , that the work of many outstanding photographers is easily recognizable even though it carries no signature .

    Figure 8 Powerful composition of an industrial complex created thru the forceful use of leading lines of movement . Courtesy of Phillips Petroleum Co.

    We have stressed and stressed again the importance of leading lines of movement for the emphasis of the center of interest because there is hardly . anything you can do that will give greater importance to the center of interest than putting it at the focal point or terminus of strong leading lines . These lines . may be strong and direct if the nature of the subject calls for this type of treatment , or they may be gentle and meandering as in the case of a pleasing . peaceful summer landscape . The painter , Hogarth , was very partial to summer . landscapes in which a gentle " S " shaped line of movement was the outstanding characteristic , and so successfully did he use it that this " S " curve became known as the Hogarth line of beauty . However , the commercial photographer who deals in more dramatic material is much more likely to need a direct line or even a violent zigzag line , reminiscent of the conventional symbol for a bolt of lightning .

    As we have seen in Figure 9 , the leading line of movement need not be an actual physical line - it may be an imaginary one . Placing the center of interest in a framework of some sort can be very effective . The frame should , of course , be a natural part of the picture and here , too , the type and nature of the frame is dictated by the subject itself . If the center of interest is a very striking one , the frame can be quite bold and important without taking on undue emphasis . If the subject is relatively mild and unimportant , the frame must be much more subtle or it will attract attention to itself and away from the center of interest , thus defeating its purpose .

    Figure 9 An imaginary but powerful line of movement created by upward glance of subject .

    Another good way to frame a subject and increase impact . Courtesy of Xerox Corporation

    The frame need not be complete - as a matter of fact , often the bare suggestion of a frame is all that is necessary to hold the eye in the picture area so that it can concentrate on the center of interest . Placing the center of interest at the focal point of an arc , for example , is such a partial frame . The arc can be a part of a building , the bough of a tree , or even a large human figure bent or bowed in such a way as to hem in the center of interest .

    Anything that is in some important respect distinct or different from its surroundings attracts attention , and that fact can be used to advantage in building up the importance of the center of interest . If the center of interest is unique or different from anything in its immediate area , it becomes that much more important . For example , in a crowd made up of people wearing hats , a bare headed figure immediately attracts attention . In a group in which all figures wear dark clothes , the one figure with lighter clothes stands out like a sore thumb . If that figure is the center of interest , it is given double emphasis . Figures 11 , 12 and 13 show three distinctly different ways in which the center of interest is given strong impact .

    Perspective is often used to advantage in adding movement to the picture and building up the center of interest as well . The most obvious type of perspective is linear perspective . A pair of railroad tracks starting out large and widely separated in the foreground and diminishing in width as they recede in the distance imparts a very strong line of movement . Placing the center of interest at the terminal point of these tracks will give it a great deal emphasis . However , a much more subtle type of perspective is aerial perspective because it is not as direct nor as obvious . Air is never completely clear ; it always contains a certain amount of dust and moisture so that any distant object comes to you through this layer of dust and moisture and is filtered by it . As a result , it appears noticeably lighter in tone , verging on either the blue or the gray , depending upon whether the main filtering action is contributed by the dust or the moisture . Its outlines become more indistinct and the contrast is greatly softened .

    Figure 10 The center of interest , small church in middle background , is given great importance by being framed between two massive columns .

    Figure 11 In this illustration , a strong center of interest is created by placing the guitar player in a circular group so that she is the center of all eyes . The central situation is still further emphasized by her pose and the musical instrument she is playing . Courtesy of International Harvester Co.

    Figure 12 Framing the speaker thru the eyeglass frame results in a very effective concentration of interest . Courtesy of International Harvester Co.

    Figure 13 This is an effective use of multiple image prisms to frame a center of interest and give it greater impact . Courtesy of Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.

    In any landscape taking in a distant view , the foreground detail is much crisper , darker and more contrasty than the distant background . You can impart at great deal of movement to any outdoor scene by printing the foreground to a deeper , richer tone , letting the middle distance go somewhat softer and lighter , and keeping the extreme distance quite light and hazy . This use of aerial perspective is particularly effective in the photography of misty or foggy views .

    Another good method of increasing the importance of a center of interest is to balance it against something else on the opposite side of the picture . However , in building up a composition based on this principle of balance , you must be very careful to avoid a perfect balance in all respects . Otherwise you will have two centers of interest instead of one , and your picture will almost invariably be a failure .

    The element of balance is used here to provide a strong compositional interest . The old against the new , both expressed and implied , is the main theme here . Courtesy of Phillips Petroleum Co.

    The two elements which are in balance must be similar in a number of respects , but they must also be dissimilar in others in such a way that the center of interest remains the dominant element beyond all question . The center of interest can be given dominance in a number of ways . It may be placed closer to the edge of the picture because that is a more prominent and , therefore , a more attention getting location . It may have a more complicated and exciting shape ; it may have more contrast , or it may be outlined more strongly against its background . There are countless ways of giving more emphasis to one of a pair of matching objects , and in this respect , the ingenuity and imagination of the photographer has free play .

    These are but a few of the ways in which you can give added importance and effectiveness to the center of interest . They are by no means the only ones , nor are they exact blueprints to be followed slavishly . We have purposely dealt in general terms so that you can do your own thinking and develop your own approach to this extremely important subject .

    An intimate look into the faces of Xerox Corporation's personnel performing their jobs is used effectively in corporate brochures . Courtesy of Xerox Corporation

    اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر.   الإسم:	مستند جديد ١٢-٠٧-٢٠٢٣ ١٤.٥٦_1.jpg  مشاهدات:	2  الحجم:	91.4 كيلوبايت  الهوية:	133887 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر.   الإسم:	مستند جديد ١٢-٠٧-٢٠٢٣ ١٤.٥٨_1.jpg  مشاهدات:	1  الحجم:	105.5 كيلوبايت  الهوية:	133888 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر.   الإسم:	مستند جديد ١٢-٠٧-٢٠٢٣ ١٤.٥٩_1.jpg  مشاهدات:	1  الحجم:	106.7 كيلوبايت  الهوية:	133889 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر.   الإسم:	٢٠٢٣٠٧١٢_١٥٠١٠٤.jpg  مشاهدات:	1  الحجم:	114.0 كيلوبايت  الهوية:	133890 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر.   الإسم:	مستند جديد ١٢-٠٧-٢٠٢٣ ١٥.٠٠_1.jpg  مشاهدات:	1  الحجم:	92.4 كيلوبايت  الهوية:	133891
    التعديل الأخير تم بواسطة Ali Abbass; الساعة 07-29-2023, 07:58 PM.

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