نسخ المطبوعات .. العناية بالصور الفوتوغرافية .. كيفية التقاط وتطوير الصور الملونة

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  • نسخ المطبوعات .. العناية بالصور الفوتوغرافية .. كيفية التقاط وتطوير الصور الملونة

    نسخ المطبوعات .. العناية بالصور الفوتوغرافية .. كيفية التقاط وتطوير الصور الملونة

    COPYING PRINTS

    Copying prints and any other flat illustration needs very little in the way of extra equipment , and once you have learned the very straightforward tech- niques , can be a useful addition to your repertoire of skills . It can be used , for example , to make a new negative from a colour print , and for copying paint- ings . There are just three important things to consider : lining up the camera so that it is straight on to the original being copied , lighting the picture evenly and without reflections , and keeping the colours the same .

    LINING UP THE IMAGE
    The two easiest positions for copying are flat down onto a table or work sur- face , and face on to a wall . With a photographic print or other small original , the first position is easier , but a large painting is usually best left hanging on a wall . In either case , the camera must be on a tripod . One advantage of facing down is that you can use a spirit level on both the back of the camera and on the surface to make sure that both are aligned . Otherwise , compare the edges of the original being copied with the edges of the viewfinder frame . Look for evidence of ' keystoning ' , in which two of the sides seem to lean inwards - this shows that the camera is at an angle to the original . One of the most accurate methods is to place a small mirror flat against the original , and adjust the camera until you can see the lens reflected back exactly in the middle of the viewfinder .

    LIGHTING
    Even lighting is important , and the best method of all is to place four lamps , one at each corner and at the same distance from the original . In practice , with small originals , two lamps work just as well . Aim each lamp towards the oppo- site side of the original rather than to the centre ; this will avoid a hot spot in the middle . Test the evenness of the lighting by holding the tip of a pencil perpen- dicular to the centre ; it should cast the same shadow on either side . To avoid . reflections off the print or painting , keep the angle of the lamps shallow . The further back they are and closer to the camera , the more the risk of reflection , which will weaken the colour .

    Vertical copying

    A horizontal arm keeps tripod legs out of the shot . A lamp at each corner ( below ) is the ideal light .

    Horizontal copying

    Using two lamps ( above ) , a flat surface can be evenly lit by aiming each at the opposite edge . The strength of the two shadows cast by a pencil held up to the surface will show if the illumination is equal . Shade the camera lens from the direct lamp light with large pieces of card .

    COLOUR ACCURACY
    As in copying slides , there are likely to be some variations in colour , as you are copying one set of dyes ( on the original ) onto another set ( in the film ) . The best check , and one that can be used to make corrections when printing later , is to pin or tape alongside the original a swatch of standard colours , including a neutral grey . Professionals who copy paintings use a proprietary colour guide which can be bought at some photographic stores .

    LEFT AND FAR LEFT It's possible to copy more than photographs . To avoid reflections off the painting ruining the copy , keep the angle of the copying lights shallow .

    BELOW A Kodak colour guide , which can help to keep original colours when printing a copy . particularly if the original is a painting .

    B.S. 3020 Four - colour Inks
    Kodak COLOUR PATCHES

    اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر. 

الإسم:	CamScanner 14-10-2024 13.54_1.jpg 
مشاهدات:	25 
الحجم:	146.4 كيلوبايت 
الهوية:	241729 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر. 

الإسم:	CamScanner 14-10-2024 13.55_1.jpg 
مشاهدات:	17 
الحجم:	103.4 كيلوبايت 
الهوية:	241730 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر. 

الإسم:	CamScanner 14-10-2024 13.56_1.jpg 
مشاهدات:	17 
الحجم:	31.9 كيلوبايت 
الهوية:	241731 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر. 

الإسم:	CamScanner 14-10-2024 13.58_1.jpg 
مشاهدات:	18 
الحجم:	118.2 كيلوبايت 
الهوية:	241732 اضغط على الصورة لعرض أكبر. 

الإسم:	CamScanner 14-10-2024 13.58 (1)_1 (1).jpg 
مشاهدات:	17 
الحجم:	57.5 كيلوبايت 
الهوية:	241733

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